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well good afternoon houston

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i'm tom jones mission specialist on the

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space shuttle columbia

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on mission sts 80. i'm here on the

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flight deck of columbia we're about 220

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miles above the surface of the earth

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eastward across the western pacific

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ocean now

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at a speed of about

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five miles every second about 17 000

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miles an hour

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we're on the fifth day of our mission

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had a very successful deploy of two

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satellites so far in the flight they're

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trailing us in formation out there

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behind us we just saw them in the

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windows a few moments ago

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one's an astronomy satellite and one is

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a material science satellite

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helping us understand how to make

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higher performance semiconducting

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materials

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for the electronics industry in space

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our astronomy mission is out there

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looking at stars throughout the universe

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looking especially at

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very hot objects in the universe black

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holes white dwarf stars and the

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cool gases that float in between those

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bright hot stars and our own uh

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world we're finding out a lot about the

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universe and our own future in space

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with those two satellites out there

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columbia also is a flying research

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laboratory in its own right we have a

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lot of experiments going on downstairs

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even as we speak

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in the middeck

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we're looking at an experiment called

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ucpl

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and that's a

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heat transfer device that could be used

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on future satellites

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out in the payload bay we have

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some research experiments going on too

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one in particular i'd like to talk to

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you about today is called space

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experiment module or sem

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and the purpose of the space experiment

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module is to inspire and excite the

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young people down there on our own

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planet today

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to look for a better education for

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themselves and perhaps careers in math

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and science and space exploration one

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day

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but we have a more direct way to inspire

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people today by using our research

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facilities on the columbia that's with

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the space experiment module it gives

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students a chance to actually

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participate

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in experiments in space

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and we hope that that will give students

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around the country a hands-on

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opportunity

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for

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a learning experience that will inspire

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their future careers in math and science

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and space exploration we hope then

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hope the space experiment module work

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will spur them to a greater interest in

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career fields that we'll all benefit

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from one day and generally we hope that

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this will just lead students to perform

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better in school and take a greater

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interest in their own education

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now let me give you some facts about the

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space experiment module it's about the

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size of a large trash can and flies out

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in the payload bay of columbia it weighs

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about 700 pounds and has about five

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cubic feet of usable volume

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inside the sealed canister which is just

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like a getaway special that we find on

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other missions

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is a

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pressure of one atmosphere so inside the

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can we have a weightless environment but

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one that's pressurized to the same

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atmosphere atmosphere we have on earth

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and the space experiment module

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teaches kids to use the tools of science

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to

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explore the world around them

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and it gives teachers the opportunity to

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use a new way to teach science and math

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and inspire their students with real

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space activities

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students use this lab on columbia to do

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experiments in the payload bay

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and they as a result get hands-on

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experience with

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a real working experiment that they

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construct themselves with nasa's help

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now nasa provides the laboratory

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if you will

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we provide the laboratory workbench the

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bunsen burners the test tubes the

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electricity even the computers for the

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students to do their experiments just

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like we would in a laboratory on the

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earth here those facilities are in the

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space experiment module and the students

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then provide the imagination the ideas

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for the experiments and the energy to

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carry them out

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and we hope after these 16 days in orbit

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the space experiment module

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will return a lot of successful and

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exciting results to all of the young

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experimenters across the country that

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are participating

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now

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nasa here

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provides

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some basics for the space experiment

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module we'll give the students a small

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module we have 10 of those that fit

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inside the can outside the payload bay

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it's a mounting plate really that the

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students can build their experiment on

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and we also provide a ground electronics

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module that interfaces the computer

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commanding or the electronic

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measurements back into the recording

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devices and computers aboard the space

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experiment module

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and the students can use that mounting

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plate and electronics capability to

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construct whatever kind of experiment

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they'd like we have ten experiments on

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sts-80 seven of them are active in that

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they use the microgravity environment of

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space to record actual measurements

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about their materials in the environment

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and three of them are passive

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in other words we're just testing the

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effects of microgravity on some

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materials and they'll be examined upon

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their return to earth

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let me give you some examples of the

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kinds of material we have on board

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from albion junior high school in ohio

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we have a heat transfer experiment where

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students heat up one end of a copper rod

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and the copper rod is actually

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instrumented to measure heat flow down

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the

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actually made of stacks of pennies so we

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have some pennies stacked up that we're

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heating up out in the cargo bay right

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now

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we also have a group

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from

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albion that's flying some bacterial

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experiments we're looking at bacterial

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growth in a series of six test tubes

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and the

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growth changes in terms of color can be

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recorded

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in the module during the flight here

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we have a can do group of experimenters

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from charleston south carolina and they

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have a series of experiments

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one is measuring the shuttle's own

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accelerations in space by using a

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pendulum that's balanced very carefully

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and it can measure the shocks and shakes

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on the shuttle

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from their thruster firings as we

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station keep with our two satellites

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we have some more bacteria growth

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cultures provided by that group and

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they're also growing some crystals in

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microgravity using solutions of salt and

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alum some common household materials we

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have on the ground and those crystal uh

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growth patterns will be recorded in the

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module we're even measuring earth's

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magnetic field with a series of iron

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filings that are shaken up in a small

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chamber and that we hope will align

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themselves in the magnetic field of the

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earth and they can be imaged while we're

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here in microgravity to see if those

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field lines are visible

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from

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norfolk virginia and pakistan virginia

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we have a group of experimenters that

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are

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looking at how immiscible materials

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materials that don't mix on earth like

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oil and vegetable vegetable oil and

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water behave in the microgravity

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environment of space so they're mixing

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salt water and vegetable oil and then

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seeing how those two materials separate

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and from

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greenbr greenbrook north high school in

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illinois we have a surface tension

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experiment where fluids are spread on a

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slick surface of paper and we're

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watching how that fluid beads up and how

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surface tension drives the behavior of

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that liquid these are all active

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experiments that we have on space

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experiment modules we have some college

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experimenters from purdue university

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looking at fluid thermal convection and

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how fluids transfer heat without gravity

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to cause convection as we know it on

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earth and they also are raising some

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brine shrimp on a little shrimp farm out

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in the space experiment module

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some of the materials in our passive

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experiments include seeds from both

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trees and tomato plants

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we have some yeast cells out there

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popcorn

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soybeans soil and even some materials

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that are going to interest our youngest

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experimenters some crayons and some

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silly putty and they'll be examined for

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how the microgravity environment

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changes those materials while they've

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been in flight

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here's some

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silly putty i've brought on board myself

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to show you some kinds of behavior that

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we might expect to see

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in a putty type material on orbit

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you see it's

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pretty easy to manipulate

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and quite interesting to watch

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i hope the space experiment module

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experimenters will get some

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sort of similar satisfaction when they

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get to watch their experiments on return

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to earth

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well that's a short summary of what the

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space experiment module does and what we

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hope it will do for our useful

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experimenters back on earth

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we know that the space experiment module

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experiments will fly again with

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different groups of student

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experimenters from across the country we

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look forward to those opportunities on

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the shuttle in the future

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space experiment module is a good

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example of how the space program

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inspires our young people to better

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education how they can improve their own

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academic performance by using some

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exciting experiments that they can

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really get involved in

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and i think it is just a nice example of

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how the space program in general can add

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educational opportunities and excitement

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to all sorts of subjects across the

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disciplines that we study in elementary

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and high schools and even college in our

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country so it's a pleasure to work with

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the space experiment module on sts-80

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and this is tom jones signing off to

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have some more fun with my own silly

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now

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i understand you had some excitement

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last night when you were attempting to

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launch a satellite that came within 10

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feet of the crew's cabin

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i know that was not a close call off

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this vehicle is an incredibly good

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flying machine in terms of relative

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motion we have flown satellites like

287
00:11:18,470 --> 00:11:16,480
intel sat right down in the payload bay

288
00:11:21,269 --> 00:11:18,480
and we routinely in terms of rendezvous

289
00:11:23,509 --> 00:11:21,279
and proximity ops we bring objects right

290
00:11:24,470 --> 00:11:23,519
down into the payload bay if during a

291
00:11:26,949 --> 00:11:24,480
space

292
00:11:29,030 --> 00:11:26,959
walk we drop some tool we were able to

293
00:11:31,269 --> 00:11:29,040
fly that tool right down to the hand of

294
00:11:33,670 --> 00:11:31,279
the space walker so the hand can reach

295
00:11:35,990 --> 00:11:33,680
out and grab it we have those kinds of

296
00:11:38,230 --> 00:11:36,000
capabilities the thing we were up to

297
00:11:41,350 --> 00:11:38,240
yesterday was that for seven straight

298
00:11:43,750 --> 00:11:41,360
hours we did not fire a single jet on

299
00:11:47,509 --> 00:11:43,760
this vehicle to keep a pristine

300
00:11:50,069 --> 00:11:47,519
environment for the wake shield facility

301
00:11:52,470 --> 00:11:50,079
we could have flown away at any time the

302
00:11:55,110 --> 00:11:52,480
reason we hesitated and did exactly what

303
00:11:57,430 --> 00:11:55,120
we did was not to fire a jet

304
00:12:01,030 --> 00:11:57,440
and we had good view on that television

305
00:12:03,350 --> 00:12:01,040
cameras and we let it float on by

306
00:12:05,190 --> 00:12:03,360
you were told by nasa before you took

307
00:12:07,829 --> 00:12:05,200
off on this mission that this would be

308
00:12:09,430 --> 00:12:07,839
your last space flight

309
00:12:12,150 --> 00:12:09,440
in the program

310
00:12:13,990 --> 00:12:12,160
knowing that has it approached the

311
00:12:21,829 --> 00:12:14,000
change the approach of the way you have

312
00:12:26,470 --> 00:12:23,990
surprisingly it has not i'm such a

313
00:12:27,910 --> 00:12:26,480
long-term investor in this program space

314
00:12:30,150 --> 00:12:27,920
is my calling

315
00:12:32,870 --> 00:12:30,160
uh whether i'm on the ground or in

316
00:12:34,310 --> 00:12:32,880
flight or whatever my next participation

317
00:12:35,990 --> 00:12:34,320
in space flight will be i'm such a

318
00:12:38,310 --> 00:12:36,000
long-term investor

319
00:12:39,190 --> 00:12:38,320
that i know there'll be a continuity to

320
00:12:42,790 --> 00:12:39,200
it

321
00:12:44,710 --> 00:12:42,800
work for about 30 years both on the

322
00:12:47,030 --> 00:12:44,720
ground and in space

323
00:12:48,790 --> 00:12:47,040
and i also have the kind of imagination

324
00:12:50,470 --> 00:12:48,800
that i've had enough experience up here

325
00:12:53,590 --> 00:12:50,480
that my imagination will be able to put

326
00:12:55,430 --> 00:12:53,600
me up here in the future

327
00:12:56,949 --> 00:12:55,440
are there certain images of space though

328
00:12:59,829 --> 00:12:56,959
that you're trying to freeze in your

329
00:13:03,509 --> 00:12:59,839
mind so you simply just don't forget the

330
00:13:07,750 --> 00:13:05,430
well i worked very hard in that all the

331
00:13:09,829 --> 00:13:07,760
time and not only to technically do the

332
00:13:11,590 --> 00:13:09,839
job i need to do but to be in a way a

333
00:13:14,230 --> 00:13:11,600
parallel processor that has an

334
00:13:15,670 --> 00:13:14,240
experience of space uh what is going on

335
00:13:17,670 --> 00:13:15,680
in the head what is going on in the

336
00:13:19,670 --> 00:13:17,680
heart what is going on in the soul so to

337
00:13:21,190 --> 00:13:19,680
continue up in space you are having a

338
00:13:23,190 --> 00:13:21,200
human experience

339
00:13:25,590 --> 00:13:23,200
i try to catch those experiences and

340
00:13:27,030 --> 00:13:25,600
bring them home and express that to

341
00:13:28,470 --> 00:13:27,040
other people such that they can

342
00:13:30,069 --> 00:13:28,480
vicariously

343
00:13:32,470 --> 00:13:30,079
also

344
00:13:35,190 --> 00:13:32,480
get into space and so that we as a

345
00:13:37,829 --> 00:13:35,200
species can evolve into being

346
00:13:40,150 --> 00:13:37,839
space creatures which we actually are

347
00:13:42,069 --> 00:13:40,160
and so even on this flight here too now

348
00:13:43,829 --> 00:13:42,079
there are some images i could go over

349
00:13:45,750 --> 00:13:43,839
hundreds of them but just a picture of

350
00:13:46,949 --> 00:13:45,760
the baja california the picture of

351
00:13:49,110 --> 00:13:46,959
mexico

352
00:13:50,870 --> 00:13:49,120
is being embedded in my mind right now

353
00:13:52,150 --> 00:13:50,880
even though i've seen it many times

354
00:13:54,629 --> 00:13:52,160
before

355
00:13:57,350 --> 00:13:54,639
the look of saudi arabia the near east

356
00:14:00,230 --> 00:13:57,360
the now swinging over the himalayas as

357
00:14:02,470 --> 00:14:00,240
we've done multiple times those images

358
00:14:05,430 --> 00:14:02,480
are being implanted those experiences

359
00:14:07,750 --> 00:14:05,440
are being carried forward

360
00:14:10,310 --> 00:14:07,760
as you look out the windows of the

361
00:14:12,870 --> 00:14:10,320
shuttle uh are you trying to concentrate

362
00:14:17,910 --> 00:14:12,880
on different things this time around for

363
00:14:21,509 --> 00:14:19,670
and have an experience you look at what

364
00:14:23,750 --> 00:14:21,519
opportunities

365
00:14:25,990 --> 00:14:23,760
are available to you that may be that

366
00:14:28,310 --> 00:14:26,000
maybe weren't on earlier flights but you

367
00:14:29,430 --> 00:14:28,320
tried to enrich the previous ones you've

368
00:14:31,269 --> 00:14:29,440
had

369
00:14:34,550 --> 00:14:31,279
it's spectacular to look out there to

370
00:14:36,389 --> 00:14:34,560
sunrise uh and to see our two satellites

371
00:14:38,949 --> 00:14:36,399
out there trailing behind us to look at

372
00:14:40,949 --> 00:14:38,959
the two bright stars that are out there

373
00:14:42,629 --> 00:14:40,959
um we've never flown a poor body problem

374
00:14:44,870 --> 00:14:42,639
we had an earth a spaceship two

375
00:14:47,269 --> 00:14:44,880
satellites before so to look out behind

376
00:14:49,110 --> 00:14:47,279
you and see uh the two satellites that

377
00:14:52,310 --> 00:14:49,120
you're working to see them follow along

378
00:14:54,790 --> 00:14:52,320
behind you is a unique experience

379
00:14:57,590 --> 00:14:54,800
we recognize how fit you have to be to

380
00:14:59,430 --> 00:14:57,600
participate in this program but a lot of

381
00:15:02,389 --> 00:14:59,440
a lot has been made of the fact that you

382
00:15:04,310 --> 00:15:02,399
are 61 years old do you feel any

383
00:15:05,910 --> 00:15:04,320
differently physically on this mission

384
00:15:11,990 --> 00:15:05,920
than let's say you did on your first

385
00:15:16,949 --> 00:15:14,150
um i think it's pretty much the same uh

386
00:15:18,949 --> 00:15:16,959
as i as i told my colleagues here uh one

387
00:15:20,470 --> 00:15:18,959
of them tom jones was working over here

388
00:15:22,550 --> 00:15:20,480
that you spoke with on an earlier

389
00:15:24,870 --> 00:15:22,560
mission uh he was sitting next to me i

390
00:15:26,710 --> 00:15:24,880
had the easiest launch i've ever had

391
00:15:29,030 --> 00:15:26,720
i am uh usually pretty frightened during

392
00:15:30,949 --> 00:15:29,040
launches because i'm not a risk taker

393
00:15:33,670 --> 00:15:30,959
and i was frightened before this one but

394
00:15:35,430 --> 00:15:33,680
once we got underway uh i had total

395
00:15:37,509 --> 00:15:35,440
faith and confidence that it was going

396
00:15:39,670 --> 00:15:37,519
to take me into space i had the easiest

397
00:15:41,509 --> 00:15:39,680
launch i've ever had this time

398
00:15:46,870 --> 00:15:41,519
does that mean you completely got rid of

399
00:15:51,110 --> 00:15:48,389
well i don't get butterflies i just get

400
00:15:54,470 --> 00:15:52,550
i don't blame you

401
00:15:57,350 --> 00:15:54,480
i understand that that one of your

402
00:15:59,590 --> 00:15:57,360
favorite things is is to enjoy the the

403
00:16:01,910 --> 00:15:59,600
weightlessness that that you feel in

404
00:16:03,509 --> 00:16:01,920
space i'm wondering if if you can give

405
00:16:05,430 --> 00:16:03,519
us any sense of

406
00:16:10,710 --> 00:16:05,440
what that might feel like or or look

407
00:16:15,350 --> 00:16:12,710
yeah floating is a delicious kind of

408
00:16:17,590 --> 00:16:15,360
thing to do because we as creatures are

409
00:16:20,150 --> 00:16:17,600
created and evolved here on earth we

410
00:16:22,310 --> 00:16:20,160
have been designed by the force between

411
00:16:23,430 --> 00:16:22,320
us and earth and now you have a unique

412
00:16:25,269 --> 00:16:23,440
environment

413
00:16:27,590 --> 00:16:25,279
that maybe we weren't designed to

414
00:16:29,189 --> 00:16:27,600
perceive or to live in

415
00:16:31,110 --> 00:16:29,199
and so that's what makes it totally

416
00:16:33,670 --> 00:16:31,120
unique but the the three-dimensional

417
00:16:34,790 --> 00:16:33,680
orientation in which you can make that

418
00:16:39,749 --> 00:16:34,800
direction

419
00:16:42,230 --> 00:16:39,759
this is down and feel that that is the

420
00:16:44,230 --> 00:16:42,240
ceiling and put that anywhere you would

421
00:16:47,110 --> 00:16:44,240
like eventually

422
00:16:48,790 --> 00:16:47,120
the idea of uh just as the engines are

423
00:16:51,189 --> 00:16:48,800
shutting down

424
00:16:53,030 --> 00:16:51,199
you can close your eyes just before the

425
00:16:54,949 --> 00:16:53,040
main engine shut down and then you can

426
00:16:57,030 --> 00:16:54,959
free fall through the dark and i don't

427
00:16:58,069 --> 00:16:57,040
know if you've ever free fall through

428
00:17:00,470 --> 00:16:58,079
the dark

429
00:17:02,949 --> 00:17:00,480
but that is one delicious experience to

430
00:17:04,870 --> 00:17:02,959
be able to simply fall through a dark

431
00:17:07,270 --> 00:17:04,880
environment forever

432
00:17:09,909 --> 00:17:07,280
i think i've done that in my dreams uh

433
00:17:12,870 --> 00:17:09,919
can you give us a a demonstration

434
00:17:16,470 --> 00:17:12,880
uh right now of of what weightlessness

435
00:17:21,909 --> 00:17:18,549
oh i don't have much you want but

436
00:17:29,590 --> 00:17:21,919
there's a real art in how you uh

437
00:17:34,950 --> 00:17:33,029
once you put the model out to tom

438
00:17:37,029 --> 00:17:34,960
this is the best example i got you've

439
00:17:39,510 --> 00:17:37,039
seen us spin things around and you've

440
00:17:43,110 --> 00:17:39,520
seen us throw things but i think there's

441
00:17:43,120 --> 00:17:53,190
you do a good job tom

442
00:17:57,430 --> 00:17:55,270
yeah that's uh that says as much as

443
00:17:58,470 --> 00:17:57,440
anything right there you've seen us play

444
00:18:01,190 --> 00:17:58,480
with uh

445
00:18:02,630 --> 00:18:01,200
water that's another good way to do it

446
00:18:04,789 --> 00:18:02,640
these things are moving now because

447
00:18:06,950 --> 00:18:04,799
there's an airflow

448
00:18:08,710 --> 00:18:06,960
oh it looks extraordinary from here uh

449
00:18:10,150 --> 00:18:08,720
have any of the scientists at nasa been

450
00:18:12,070 --> 00:18:10,160
able to figure out

451
00:18:14,310 --> 00:18:12,080
what impact all this weightlessness

452
00:18:18,789 --> 00:18:14,320
you've experienced has had on your own

453
00:18:22,870 --> 00:18:20,870
we're working on that all the time but

454
00:18:24,950 --> 00:18:22,880
it's basically uh the free flow

455
00:18:27,190 --> 00:18:24,960
condition in which your cardiovascular

456
00:18:28,630 --> 00:18:27,200
system the air is picking up the bottom

457
00:18:31,029 --> 00:18:28,640
of the shuttle there

458
00:18:33,110 --> 00:18:31,039
things such as not having to use bones

459
00:18:35,110 --> 00:18:33,120
up here the cardiovascular system not

460
00:18:39,430 --> 00:18:35,120
having to move blood uphill and those

461
00:18:43,830 --> 00:18:41,190
what maybe we could study more is the

462
00:18:46,070 --> 00:18:43,840
cognitive psychology of space

463
00:18:48,630 --> 00:18:46,080
different kinds of perceptions

464
00:18:50,310 --> 00:18:48,640
of what's up and what's down i think

465
00:18:54,230 --> 00:18:50,320
that's where some of the exciting areas

466
00:18:59,350 --> 00:18:57,750
that date will be really exciting

467
00:19:01,590 --> 00:18:59,360
one of the things that you have been

468
00:19:05,110 --> 00:19:01,600
quoted in the past about is being

469
00:19:07,350 --> 00:19:05,120
receptive to extraterrestrial life

470
00:19:10,070 --> 00:19:07,360
do you have any indication that exists

471
00:19:14,710 --> 00:19:10,080
or is that just an extension of your

472
00:19:19,430 --> 00:19:16,470
i have no physical evidence i've never

473
00:19:21,669 --> 00:19:19,440
made any i've never seen a signature of

474
00:19:24,150 --> 00:19:21,679
of intelligent beings out here

475
00:19:26,630 --> 00:19:24,160
i think it's a common sense rational

476
00:19:27,990 --> 00:19:26,640
individual as a scientist i know it's

477
00:19:30,070 --> 00:19:28,000
out there because you're dealing with

478
00:19:31,750 --> 00:19:30,080
billions and billions of galaxies

479
00:19:33,590 --> 00:19:31,760
i know there are other universes other

480
00:19:35,669 --> 00:19:33,600
than our own and a lot of this has been

481
00:19:38,950 --> 00:19:35,679
around for billions of years the

482
00:19:40,070 --> 00:19:38,960
probability is a certainty that it's out

483
00:19:44,950 --> 00:19:40,080
there

484
00:19:49,270 --> 00:19:47,669
a human being who is

485
00:19:51,750 --> 00:19:49,280
part of the human species which is

486
00:19:53,590 --> 00:19:51,760
evolving to recognition of their place

487
00:19:55,029 --> 00:19:53,600
in the universe and what the universe is

488
00:19:56,230 --> 00:19:55,039
all about

489
00:19:58,549 --> 00:19:56,240
um

490
00:20:00,470 --> 00:19:58,559
i try to acknowledge those living

491
00:20:02,950 --> 00:20:00,480
creatures out there and just simply take

492
00:20:05,350 --> 00:20:02,960
quiet moments and say yes yes i know

493
00:20:08,230 --> 00:20:05,360
you're out there and i also communicate

494
00:20:11,110 --> 00:20:08,240
in ways such similar to prayer that uh

495
00:20:12,470 --> 00:20:11,120
if you hear me come get me

496
00:20:14,310 --> 00:20:12,480
but i have no

497
00:20:16,470 --> 00:20:14,320
physical evidence i have seen no

498
00:20:18,390 --> 00:20:16,480
signatures i'm also as grounded as

499
00:20:20,230 --> 00:20:18,400
anyone around i know that the

500
00:20:22,549 --> 00:20:20,240
probabilities are one trillionth

501
00:20:24,789 --> 00:20:22,559
trillionth or less that anyone is going

502
00:20:26,950 --> 00:20:24,799
to hear but i think it's important in

503
00:20:29,270 --> 00:20:26,960
terms of our evolution the way we think

504
00:20:31,990 --> 00:20:29,280
of ourselves to recognize

505
00:20:33,990 --> 00:20:32,000
uh that we are not alone

506
00:20:35,590 --> 00:20:34,000
we also recognize even though you will

507
00:20:37,270 --> 00:20:35,600
not fly in any more of these missions

508
00:20:40,149 --> 00:20:37,280
you will continue to be involved with

509
00:20:41,750 --> 00:20:40,159
nasa on an ongoing basis what is it that

510
00:20:43,510 --> 00:20:41,760
you think americans should understand

511
00:20:45,430 --> 00:20:43,520
about the future of the space program

512
00:20:47,190 --> 00:20:45,440
particularly at a time when a lot of

513
00:20:49,350 --> 00:20:47,200
americans seem to have doubts as to

514
00:20:51,750 --> 00:20:49,360
where this really is taking us

515
00:20:58,710 --> 00:20:51,760
particularly when they look at the vast

516
00:21:02,870 --> 00:21:00,950
i think we need to have a very far

517
00:21:05,110 --> 00:21:02,880
reaching vision

518
00:21:07,110 --> 00:21:05,120
i think we need to conduct space where

519
00:21:09,510 --> 00:21:07,120
space is safe and not for any other

520
00:21:11,190 --> 00:21:09,520
reasons when it's used for other reasons

521
00:21:13,350 --> 00:21:11,200
under the pursuit of space i think then

522
00:21:15,350 --> 00:21:13,360
we get off the track

523
00:21:16,789 --> 00:21:15,360
for myself

524
00:21:19,190 --> 00:21:16,799
i'm always working kind of at the

525
00:21:22,390 --> 00:21:19,200
philosophical level i'm interested in

526
00:21:24,710 --> 00:21:22,400
the great big very long term pictures i

527
00:21:26,710 --> 00:21:24,720
think space is very important for us as

528
00:21:28,830 --> 00:21:26,720
human beings to show us what our place

529
00:21:31,270 --> 00:21:28,840
in the universe is what it means to be

530
00:21:33,190 --> 00:21:31,280
human i think that is one of the most

531
00:21:35,750 --> 00:21:33,200
important reasons that we're into space

532
00:21:37,990 --> 00:21:35,760
is the quest the reach out there for

533
00:21:40,070 --> 00:21:38,000
meaning down here

534
00:21:41,830 --> 00:21:40,080
so i think we need to not only do the

535
00:21:44,549 --> 00:21:41,840
practical things but i think we need to

536
00:21:46,230 --> 00:21:44,559
have a very very far-reaching vision a

537
00:21:48,470 --> 00:21:46,240
unified vision and have that

538
00:21:51,750 --> 00:21:48,480
communicated and have a very solid path

539
00:21:56,630 --> 00:21:54,310
in closing tonight what is it that you

540
00:21:58,470 --> 00:21:56,640
think you will reflect upon most when

541
00:22:00,710 --> 00:21:58,480
you come back to earth

542
00:22:03,110 --> 00:22:00,720
at the end of this mission knowing that

543
00:22:04,549 --> 00:22:03,120
that this was your final mission in

544
00:22:06,630 --> 00:22:04,559
flight and that you are in fact the

545
00:22:10,830 --> 00:22:06,640
oldest astronaut to attempt what you

546
00:22:16,310 --> 00:22:13,750
done i'm very glad to be in space and be

547
00:22:17,990 --> 00:22:16,320
doing the other things that i am

548
00:22:20,390 --> 00:22:18,000
at the age that i am

549
00:22:22,230 --> 00:22:20,400
but the the age is only coincident with

550
00:22:24,070 --> 00:22:22,240
the fact that i have had the incredible

551
00:22:25,590 --> 00:22:24,080
privilege of pursuing my calling for

552
00:22:27,909 --> 00:22:25,600
almost 30 years

553
00:22:29,510 --> 00:22:27,919
a space is not just a job and a life for

554
00:22:30,789 --> 00:22:29,520
me it's a calling it's something i

555
00:22:32,630 --> 00:22:30,799
believe in

556
00:22:34,390 --> 00:22:32,640
and it's something i have a passion for

557
00:22:36,789 --> 00:22:34,400
i have a heart for it and i've had the

558
00:22:37,990 --> 00:22:36,799
privilege an opportunity to do it for 30

559
00:22:39,909 --> 00:22:38,000
years

560
00:22:41,990 --> 00:22:39,919
and so i love doing these kind of things

561
00:22:43,590 --> 00:22:42,000
at my age but the important thing is is

562
00:22:45,909 --> 00:22:43,600
that i've had the privilege of doing it

563
00:22:48,789 --> 00:22:45,919
throughout my entire lifetime that i've

564
00:22:51,190 --> 00:22:48,799
had something which which is a calling

565
00:22:53,750 --> 00:22:51,200
that i have had something in which the

566
00:22:55,750 --> 00:22:53,760
passions could push me and give me the

567
00:23:02,870 --> 00:22:55,760
energy to attempt to always do things

568
00:23:08,310 --> 00:23:05,510
columbia for story a surgeon tells us he

569
00:23:10,549 --> 00:23:08,320
has your albedo for your head on file

570
00:23:13,029 --> 00:23:10,559
we'd like to compare it to

571
00:23:14,470 --> 00:23:13,039
your current albedo so if you can if

572
00:23:24,870 --> 00:23:14,480
everybody else can stand back a little

573
00:23:24,880 --> 00:23:36,630
he says it's increased substantially

574
00:23:41,029 --> 00:23:38,870
i tell these uh sts

575
00:23:49,190 --> 00:23:41,039
80 folks are real magicians uh they can

576
00:23:49,200 --> 00:23:53,510
good teamwork

577
00:23:53,520 --> 00:24:54,950
well we're good for another five days

578
00:24:58,789 --> 00:24:56,870
this again is from the students at

579
00:25:00,470 --> 00:24:58,799
thames elementary school hattiesburg

580
00:25:03,909 --> 00:25:00,480
mississippi

581
00:25:05,830 --> 00:25:03,919
story musgrave ms3 in this fight

582
00:25:08,390 --> 00:25:05,840
we hear that being in space decreases

583
00:25:09,830 --> 00:25:08,400
the size of your bones and your heart do

584
00:25:12,470 --> 00:25:09,840
you feel any different when you come

585
00:25:14,390 --> 00:25:12,480
back to earth

586
00:25:16,549 --> 00:25:14,400
we certainly do

587
00:25:19,269 --> 00:25:16,559
uh out here floating around in zero g we

588
00:25:20,230 --> 00:25:19,279
don't need the bones that carry our

589
00:25:22,950 --> 00:25:20,240
weight

590
00:25:24,950 --> 00:25:22,960
they carry that force between us and uh

591
00:25:26,950 --> 00:25:24,960
and the earth they carry our weight down

592
00:25:28,710 --> 00:25:26,960
there because we don't need the bones

593
00:25:30,470 --> 00:25:28,720
it's just like a muscle if you don't use

594
00:25:32,310 --> 00:25:30,480
your muscle the muscles tend to get

595
00:25:33,269 --> 00:25:32,320
smaller and weaker and so now using your

596
00:25:34,310 --> 00:25:33,279
bones

597
00:25:36,390 --> 00:25:34,320
out here

598
00:25:37,590 --> 00:25:36,400
they tend to become smaller and a little

599
00:25:40,149 --> 00:25:37,600
less

600
00:25:42,549 --> 00:25:40,159
strong like bites with a heart the heart

601
00:25:44,630 --> 00:25:42,559
doesn't have to pump blood uphill

602
00:25:46,390 --> 00:25:44,640
against gravity and you don't need to

603
00:25:48,870 --> 00:25:46,400
carry as much blood by them so those

604
00:25:50,390 --> 00:25:48,880
things diminish in size too when you

605
00:25:52,310 --> 00:25:50,400
come back to earth just like when you

606
00:25:53,990 --> 00:25:52,320
come into space you have to adapt to the

607
00:25:54,870 --> 00:25:54,000
space environment when you come back to

608
00:25:57,190 --> 00:25:54,880
earth

609
00:25:59,110 --> 00:25:57,200
you've gotten very used to space

610
00:26:00,710 --> 00:25:59,120
balls muscles and hearts have started to

611
00:26:01,830 --> 00:26:00,720
adapt to space and so they have to

612
00:26:06,070 --> 00:26:01,840
re-adapt

613
00:26:09,909 --> 00:26:08,470
and my name is ken cockerell and the

614
00:26:11,269 --> 00:26:09,919
third question the final question we

615
00:26:12,950 --> 00:26:11,279
have today from

616
00:26:14,149 --> 00:26:12,960
thames elementary in hattiesburg

617
00:26:16,070 --> 00:26:14,159
mississippi

618
00:26:17,990 --> 00:26:16,080
is um

619
00:26:20,070 --> 00:26:18,000
we have played the cd-rom software the

620
00:26:21,909 --> 00:26:20,080
magic school bus in the solar system to

621
00:26:24,710 --> 00:26:21,919
help us learn about space

622
00:26:27,190 --> 00:26:24,720
do you ever use computer for learning

623
00:26:29,190 --> 00:26:27,200
well i'd say that we are surrounded by

624
00:26:31,430 --> 00:26:29,200
computers the space shuttle is run by

625
00:26:32,549 --> 00:26:31,440
five computers and in addition to that

626
00:26:34,950 --> 00:26:32,559
we have

627
00:26:37,269 --> 00:26:34,960
eight laptop computers that run various

628
00:26:39,110 --> 00:26:37,279
other aspects of our mission uh here

629
00:26:41,430 --> 00:26:39,120
with us on the flight deck so when we

630
00:26:42,549 --> 00:26:41,440
train for this mission we use computers

631
00:26:44,149 --> 00:26:42,559
all the time

632
00:26:45,990 --> 00:26:44,159
we use similar computers to the ones

633
00:26:47,909 --> 00:26:46,000
that are in the space shuttle in our

634
00:26:50,149 --> 00:26:47,919
simulators on the ground

635
00:26:51,669 --> 00:26:50,159
and we also can use the computers that

636
00:26:53,269 --> 00:26:51,679
we have at our desk to run various

637
00:26:55,350 --> 00:26:53,279
training programs that help us learn the

638
00:26:57,350 --> 00:26:55,360
details about our mission and about how

639
00:26:59,029 --> 00:26:57,360
the space shuttle operates so we

640
00:27:00,149 --> 00:26:59,039
certainly do use computers we use them a